波茨坦公告全称《中美英三国促令日本投降之波茨坦公告》，也叫《波茨坦宣言》。
波茨坦会议是1945年7月17日到1945年8月2日，美、英、苏3国首脑杜鲁门、丘吉尔（1945年7月28日以后是新任首相艾德礼）和斯大林在柏林近郊的波茨坦举行战时第三次会晤，史称“波茨坦会议”又叫“柏林会议”。波茨坦会议的背景是1945年5月8日德国法西斯无条件投降，欧洲反法西斯战争胜利结束，但在远东对日作战还在激烈进行。为了商讨对战后德国的处置问题和解决战后欧洲问题的安排，以及争取苏联尽早对日作战。
1945年7月17日至8月2日，斯大林、杜鲁门和丘吉尔（1945年7月28日丘吉尔在大选中失败下台、为新上任首相的艾德礼所代替）在柏林西郊的波茨坦举行二次大战期间的第三次、也是最后一次三国首脑会议。关于苏、美、英、法4国占领德国的基本原则是：应使德国非军国主义化、民主化，肃清纳粹主义，消灭垄断集团，重建德国经济。关于德国战争赔偿问题，最后商定赔偿应由每个占领国从自己的占领区征收，苏联还从西方占领区取得所拆迁的德国工业设备的25%，其中10%是无偿获得，15%用粮、煤交换。
会议承认了新成立的波兰全国统一临时政府，并确定了波兰的疆界问题，会议决定设立苏、美、英、法、中5国外长会议，负责准备同欧洲战败国的和约。此外还讨论了对意、罗、保、匈、芬等国的政策及其加入联合国组织的问题。1945年7月26日，以美、英、中3国宣言形式发表了《波茨坦公告》，敦促日本立即无条件投降，宣布了盟国占领日本后将实施的基本原则，并重申1943年12月1日《开罗宣言》必须实施。1945年8月2日，《苏英美三国波茨坦会议议定书》签字。
——一九四五年七月二十六日发表
（一）余等美国总统、中国国民政府主席及英国首相，代表余等亿万国民，业经会商并同意对日本提出劝告，予以一机会以向三国无条件投降，免日本全体人民遭受战争之惨祸。
（二）三国陆海空部队已增强多倍，其由西方调来之军队及空军即将予日本以最后之打击。彼等之武力受所有联合国之决心之支持，对日本全面作战，不至其停止抵抗不止。
（三）德国无效果及无意识抵抗全世界自由人民之力量所得之结果彰彰在前，可为日本人民之殷鉴。此种力量，当其对付抵抗纳粹时，不得不将德国人民全体之土地工业及其生活方式摧残殆尽。但现在集中对付日本之力量则较之更为庞大不可衡量，吾等之军力加以吾人之坚决意志为后盾，若予以全部使用，必将使日本军队完全毁灭，无可逃避，而日本之本土亦终必全部残毁。
（四）时机业已到来，日本必须决定一途：其将继续受其一意孤行计算错误而将日本帝国陷于完全毁灭之境之军人统制？抑或走向理智之路？
（五）以下为吾人之条件，吾人决不许更改，亦无其他另一方式。犹豫迁延，更为吾人所不容许。
（六）欺骗及错误领导日本人民使其妄欲征服世界者之权威及势力必须永久铲除，盖吾人坚持非将负责之穷兵黩武主义驱出世界，则和平安全及正义之新秩序势不可能建立。
（七）直至如此之新秩序成立时，及直到日本制造战争之力量业已毁灭而有确实可信之证据时，日本领土须经盟国之军队予以占领，俾吾人在此陈述之基本目的得以完成。
（八）开罗宣言之条件必将实施，而日本之主权必将限于本州、北海道、九州、四国及吾人所决定其可以领有之小岛在内。
（九）日本军队在完全解除武装以后，将被允许其返乡，得以和平从事生产生活之机会。
（十）吾人无意奴役日本民族或消灭其国家，但对于战罪人犯（包括虐待吾人俘虏者在内）将处以法律之裁判。日本政府必须将阻止日本人民民主趋势之复兴及增强之所有障碍予以消除，言论宗教及思想自由以及对于基本人权之重视必须成立。
（十一）日本将被许维持其经济所必需及可以偿付赔款所需要之工业，但可以使其重新武装作战之工业不在其内。为此目的，可准其获得原料（别于统制原料）日本最后参加国际贸易关系当可准许。
（十二）上述目的达到时，日本得依人民自由表示之意志成立一保障和平及负责之政府，届时三国占领之军队即撤退。
（十三）吾人劝告日本政府立即宣布所有日本武装部队无条件投降，并对此种行动诚意实行予以适当之各项保证。除此一途，日本即将迅速完全毁灭。
（据中国第二历史档案馆馆藏中文抄本）
1.We-the President of the United States, the President of the National Government of the Republic of China, and the Prime Minister of Great Britain, representing the hundreds of millions of our countrymen, have conferred and agree that Japan shall be given an opportunity to end this war.
2.The prodigious land, sea and air forces of the United States, the British Empire and of China, many times reinforced by their armies and air fleets from the west, are poised to strike the final blows upon Japan. This military power is sustained and inspired by the determination of all the Allied Nations to prosecute the war against Japan until she ceases to resist.
3.The result of the futile and senseless German resistance to the might of the aroused free peoples of the world stands forth in awful clarity as an example to the people of Japan. The might that now converges on Japan is immeasurably greater than that which, when applied to the resisting Nazis, necessarily laid waste to the lands, the industry and the mETHod of life of the whole German people. The full application of our military power, backed by our resolve, will mean the inevitable and complete destruction of the Japanese armed forces and just as inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese homeland.
4.The time has come for Japan to decide whether she will continue to be controlled by those self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent calculations have brought the Empire of Japan to the threshold of annihilation, or whether she will follow the path of reason.
5.Following are our terms. We will not deviate from them. There are no alternatives. We shall brook no delay.
6.There must be eliminated for all time the authority and influence of those who have deceived and misled the people of Japan into embarking on world
7.Until such a new order is established and until there is convincing proof that Japan's war-making power is destroyed, points in Japanese territory to be designated by the Allies shall be occupied to secure the achievement of the basic objectives we are here setting forth.
8.The terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out and Japanese sovereignty shall be limited to the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as we determine.
9.The Japanese military forces, after being completely disarmed, shall be permitted to return to their homes with the opportunity to lead peaceful and productive lives.
10.We do not intend that the Japanese shall be enslaved as a race or destroyed as a nation, but stern justice shall be meted out to all war criminals, including those who have visited cruelties upon our prisoners. The Japanese Government shall remove all obstacles to the revival and strengthening of democratic tendencies among the Japanese people. Freedom of speech, of religion, and of thought, as well as respect for the fundamental human rights shall be established.
11.Japan shall be permitted to maintain such industries as will sustain her economy and permit the exaction of just reparations in kind, but not those which would enable her to re-arm for war. To this end, access to, as distinguished from control of, raw materials shall be permitted. Eventual Japanese participation in world trade relations shall be permitted.
12.The occupying forces of the Allies shall be withdrawn from Japan as soon as these objectives have been accomplished and there has been established in accordance with the freely expressed will of the Japanese people a peacefully inclined and responsible government.
13.We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction.
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